Integrid - Bridging the Gap

61 Summary of Lessons Learned After the simulation and extended analysis of the results obtained, the SRA lessons learned in InteGrid can be summarized as follows: Best practices (recommendations) As a result of analyses, project demos and stakeholder consultations, InteGrid can offer the following best practices with regard to the implementation of future Smart Grid solutions. • Scaling isnetworkdependent(characteristics& type) • tVPPbusinessmodelnotprofitableasoftoday (not enough activations) • Scaling is a driver for applications to become interesting in future as they are now simply too small • Positiveresults inSLbutnot inPTduetomarket dependency (mFRR) • SL: capacity Vs PT: only if mobilized • Number of DER & available flex extremely important, driver for scaling • PT upwards has currently high competition • Current regulation jeopardizes cVPP in PT • Network type (Resistive vs Inductive) importance for asset maximization of benefits • Positive results can be achieved even with moderate RES penetration • HEMS has advantages vs OLTC, however customer engagement is required • CombinationofHEMS+DSOassetsbestsolution • Secondary reserve performs better • aFRR mobilization & capacity remuneration • aFRR higher mobilization chance VS. mFRR • Barriers • Pre-qualification • Bidding relation • OLTC, helps solve voltage problems • ESS accommodate RES in charge & discharge • Capacitor banks help mitigation • Flex. location & size is key to reduce violations • Networks are limited to a certain RES level • Lack of accuracy can lead to false activations • Data required for proper state estimation • DataStoragecanbeseenasadriverforscaling • RTUsschedulingoperationshouldbekeptsimple •Interoperabilityneededespeciallyforreplication • Plug & play can help scaling speed • Security results in a more complex system • LegacycommunicationsforRTarenotsuitable • Proper app. protocols increase performance • Economic Optimization: Prices of flexibilities overrule their location for being activated • CurrentflexibilitiesdonotcauseDSOproblems • FuturescenariossuchasEVchargingorhigher wind penetration makes TLS necessary • Flexibilities closer to primary substation are advantaged by TLS • cVPP device scaling benefits if devices are interoperable • RT needs low latency for TSO interaction • Proper app. protocols increase performance • Storage in field devices could cause long term problems • RTU scheduling operation should be kept simple • OLTC solves voltage violations • LVC solves voltage violations • LVC can be used for resistive and inductive • HEMS help mitigate voltage violations • HEMS location is important • Tool computation is not a barrier • Data history is no barrier for state estimator • Dedicated physical machines scale worse than cloud services • Resource optimization can help timing • Cyber security in a more complex system • Data rate is critical for RT • P2P or logic-based solutions help RT scaling • PLC nodes have limits and scheduling is necessary • HEMS helps load reduction, motivates drivers • Single households provide largest degree of flexibility • Price signal: more reliable for load reduction • Environment signal: largest load reduction potential • Accurate data for building flex. very important • No major scaling constraints are foreseen • Cyber security increases management complexity • Storage at field components as a long term solution can be an issue or a driver for over dimension • Interoperability is needed for scaling and replicating • Microservices&cloudcomputingimprovescaling • Replicability is still limited by strong CAPEX- oriented regulations • Local flexibility procurement mechanisms are not yet in place • Incentives for loss reduction exist, but fail to account for the DER impact • MostmFRRmarketsarealreadyopentodemand participation, but practical barriers still exist • Independentaggregationfacespoordefinition in most countries • cVPP is possible in several countries • ConclusionsfromCluster1alsoapplytoCluster 2 • Additionally,retailtariffsplayan importantrole in the adoption of HEMS. So far, regulated charges and policy costs weaken flexibility incentives. • The aFRR market, focus of Cluster 4, is closed to demand in many countries • ProductrequirementsforaFRRmayrepresent abarrierfor(aggregated)demandparticipation (e.g. prequalification, communication) Cluster 3: Large customer cVPP Cluster 4: Building aggregation and general Cluster 1: Flex. management for MV Functional Economic ICT Regulatory Cluster 2: Flex. management for LV Functional recommendations • Identify network characteristics • Understand data characteristics • Encourage customer participation (HEMS) • Establish operation priority • Incorporate smart solutions & network intelligence Economic recommendations • Prepare a detailed list of the implementation expenditures under normal and scaling scenarios • Perform dedicated studies to understand the best technical-economic options • Analyse the regulations of each country in detail to determine their fit for application • Deploy InteGrid solutions on a large-scale, on as economies of scale can be generally achieved • Consider implementing more than one cluster to the distribution business ict recommendations • Correct technical dimensioning of field devices • Correct scheduling of substation devices (gateways) • Seek interoperability (gm-hub) & plug and play concepts • Direct connection links tend to scale • Cybersecurity-check NIST and upcoming Bridge • Check legacy systems (old meters & older technologies such as 2G) • Microservices should use virtual environment approach for cloud computing architectures Regulatory recommendations • Consider current and future publications and initiatives from the regulator • Consider the impact of regulatory characteristics on other focus areas of the SRA • Regulatory replicability may be influenced by other indirect regulatory topics such as policies and market conditions